The role of animals in human history is profound, not only in practical terms but also in spiritual and philosophical dimensions. From the dawn of civilization, animals have been more than mere companions or laborers; all along they have been sacred beings, teachers, and guides on the soul’s journey.
However, I remember as a child my parents teaching me that animals do not have souls—that they can’t think or feel like humans. Innately, I knew this was incorrect because I could feel their thoughts and emotions. As a small child, I could do little to influence change. Today, things are very different.
Curious to understand where this belief system originated, I did a little digging and barely scratched the surface. What I discovered is that these ideas stem from the limited viewpoint of our culture, shaping how we perceive and relate to the animal world and to all of nature.
Historically, animals have played a crucial role in the development of human societies. Early humans relied on animals for survival—dogs were domesticated over 15,000 years ago, aiding in hunting and companionship, while cattle and horses provided food and transportation. Beyond their physical contributions, animals have been revered in various cultures as spiritual beings. Ancient Egyptians worshipped the cat-like goddess Bastet, Hindus venerate the sacred cow, and Native American traditions view animals as totems embodying wisdom and guidance.
The Origin of Human Superiority Over Animals
The belief in human superiority over animals has deep roots. Early theological perspectives, particularly in Abrahamic traditions, positioned humans as having dominion over animals, reinforcing an anthropocentric worldview. Philosophers such as Aristotle and, later, René Descartes promoted the idea that animals were lesser beings, incapable of reason or possessing souls. Descartes even argued that animals were automata—biological machines without consciousness. This belief led to the justification of treating animals as resources rather than sentient beings with their own spiritual evolution.
Divine Intelligence and the Soul Journey of Animals
Contrary to the mechanistic view of animals, many ancient spiritual traditions acknowledge the presence of divine intelligence within all living beings. Hinduism and Buddhism embrace the idea that animals have souls, experiencing reincarnation just as humans do. The concept of Ahimsa (non-violence) in Jainism emphasizes the sacredness of all life, recognizing that animals are on their own evolutionary path toward enlightenment.
Many indigenous traditions also believe that animals possess their own unique form of wisdom and consciousness. Shamans across cultures communicate with animal spirits, recognizing them as guides who assist humans in their spiritual growth. This perspective aligns with modern understandings of animal cognition, showing that many species display emotions, problem-solving skills, and social structures, challenging the rigid divide between human and animal consciousness.
Reclaiming the Sacred Connection
In light of these perspectives, it becomes clear that animals are not merely lesser beings but fellow travelers on the journey of the soul. If humans once deemed themselves superior due to intellect and technological progress, modern research and spiritual traditions remind us that intelligence exists in many forms—some of which animals may even surpass us in, such as intuition, emotional sensitivity, and communal harmony.
By recognizing animals as beings infused with divine intelligence, we move toward a more holistic and respectful understanding of their role in our shared existence. Rather than viewing them as resources, we can honor them as spiritual companions, each with their own sacred purpose in the grand tapestry of life.